这里先为大家附上 oracle 各版本支持的生命周期及发布时间线,当前较为常用的主流版本则为 oracle 11g 和 oracle19c 以及明年发布的 oracle23c 等版本。本文是对 11g 和 19c 两个主流版本的单机文件系统、单机 asm 和 rac 三种架构的静默安装简要步骤,并不包含所有操作步骤,仅供参考。另外第四章节是半年前对 oracle 23c free 版本的安装,感兴趣的朋友也可参考安装最新版本的安装包。
下面一图是 oracle 19c 安装注意事项,可以先看看和你安装时有何不同点,接下来直接进入命令行静默安装演示:
目 录
一、单机文件系统静默安装
1)linux x86-64 11g 环境
0.上传文件到 /u01/soft
1.编辑响应文件进行静默安装
2.使用如下命令静默安装
3.执行 root.sh 脚本
4.创建监听
5.打补丁
6.dbca 建库
7.删除数据库
2)linux x86-64 19c 环境
1.安装 rac 时需要的用户和组创建
2.oracle 19c 静默响应文件位置及说明
3.编辑 db 响应文件
4.静默安装软件的同时打补丁
5.创建 19c 默认监听
6.装完软件打补丁
7.dbca 创建实例
二、单机 asm 静默安装
一)linux x86-64 oracle 11g 单机 asm 安装
0.创建目录和用户
1.修改 gi 响应文件
2.查看响应文件并安装 gi
3.执行 root 脚本
4.配置 gi 更新节点信息
5.创建新的磁盘组
6.创建监听
7. 仅安装 db 软件
8.查看响应文件并执行
9.dbca 创建实例
二)linux x86-64 oracle 19c 单机 asm 安装
0.创建目录和用户
1.编辑 gi 响应文件
2. 安装前 precheck
3.静默安装 gi
4.执行 root 脚本
5.配置集群
6.创建 arch 磁盘组
7.编辑响应文件
8.仅安装 db 软件
9.dbca建库打补丁
三、rac 静默安装
一)linux x86-64 oracle 11g rac 安装
1.互信配置
2.gi 集群件安装前检查
3.gi 集群件静默安装
4.创建 asm 磁盘组
5.仅安装 db 软件
6.dbca 静默建库
7.静默删除
二)linux x86-64 oracle 19c rac 安装
1.响应文件位置
2.gi 静默安装
3.两节点分别执行 root 脚本
4.创建 asm 磁盘组
5.db 软件安装
6.静默创建实例
四、oracle 23c free 开发版安装指南
1.基础信息配置
2.安装数据库
2.1执行预安装
2.2使用 rpm 安装时需要依赖包
2.3 oracle linux 8 上传 iso 文件配置 yum 源
2.4 配置 yum 源
3.安装 oracle 23c free 版
4.创建和配置 oracle 数据库服务实例
5.配置环境变量登录数据库
一、单机文件系统静默安装
1)linux x86-64 11g 环境
0.上传文件到 /u01/soft
unzip p13390677_112040_linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p13390677_112040_linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
在 /u01/soft 下面得到 database 文件夹,修改属主,属组,权限
chown -r oracle:oinstall database/
chmod -r x database/
1.编辑响应文件进行静默安装
cd /u01/soft/database/response
dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.210708
cat /u01/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$ > /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
需要修改以下内容
vi /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly // 安装类型
oracle_hostname=test // 主机名称(hostname查询)
unix_group_name=oinstall // 安装组
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory //inventory目录(不填就是默认值)selected_languages=en,zh_cn,zh_tw // 选择语言,默认英文,可用逗号分割选择其他语言
oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 //oracle_home
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee // oracle版本
oracle.install.db.eeoptionsselection=false //自定义安装,默认 否,使用默认组件oracle.install.db.dba_group=dba // dba用户组
oracle.install.db.oper_group=oinstall // oper用户组
decline_security_updates=true //设置安全更新(貌似是有bug,这个一定要选true,否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题,终止安装。ps:不管地址对不对
2.使用如下命令静默安装
/u01/soft/database/runinstaller -silent -ignoreprereq -ignoresysprereqs -responsefile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
3.执行 root.sh 脚本
/u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
4.创建监听
$ netca /silent /responsefile /u01/soft/database/response/netca.rsp
5.打补丁
补丁为 11.0.2.0.4.190416 可参考 。
$ unzip p6880880_112000_linux-x86-64.zip
$ unzip p29255947_112040_linux-x86-64.zip
6.dbca 建库
准备数据存放目录,归档存放目录
# mkdir -p /oracle/data/app/oracle/oradata
# mkdir -p /oracle/data/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
# chmod -r 775 /oracle
# chown -r oracle:oinstall /oracle
主要配置以下参数:
vi /u01/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp
[general]
responsefile_version = "11.2.0"
operation_type = "createdatabase"
[createdatabase]
gdbname = "jiekexu"
sid = "jiekexu"
syspassword = "oracle"
systempassword = "oracle11g"
sysmanpassword = "oracle11g"
dbsnmppassword = "oracle11g"
datafiledestination = /oracle/data/app/oracle/oradata #上面创建的路径存放数据
recoveryareadestination=/oracle/data/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area ##存放闪回日志
storagetype=fs
characterset = "al32utf8" # 字符集,根据需求设置,建议前期确定好需要什么字符集,后期不建议更改
totalmemory = "4096" # 分配给oracle的内存总量(单位为:m),根据服务器内存总量进行分配
执行静默创建数据库实例
$oracle_home/bin/dbca -silent -redologfilesize 500 -responsefile /u01/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp
7.删除数据库
当刚创建的数据库有问题时,例如字符集错误,可删除重建。
sql> select userenv('language') from dual;
userenv('language')
----------------------------------------------------
american_america.al32utf8
$ dbca -silent -deletedatabase -sourcedb jiekexu -sysdbausername sys -sysdbapassword oracle
2)linux x86-64 19c 环境
1.安装 rac 时需要的用户和组创建
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54330 racdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -g dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
###/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54331 -g oinstall -g dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba grid
-- echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle
2.oracle 19c 静默响应文件位置及说明
对于 oracle 数据库,响应文件模板位于$oracle_home/install/response目录中。对于 oracle grid infrastructure,响应文件模板位于 $grid_home/install/response 目录中。
所有响应文件模板都包含注释、示例格式、示例和其他有用的说明。阅读响应文件说明以了解如何为响应文件变量指定值,以便您可以自定义安装。
gi 软件模板 /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp
db 软件模板 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp
监听模板 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
建库模板 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
3.编辑 db 响应文件
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp
cat $oracle_home/install/response/db_install.rsp | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$ > /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
需要修改以下内容
vi /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly // 安装类型
unix_group_name=oinstall // 安装组
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory //inventory目录(不填就是默认值)
selected_languages=en,zh_cn,zh_tw // 选择语言,默认英文,可用逗号分割选择其他语言,可不用修改
oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 //oracle_home
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee // oracle版本
oracle.install.db.dba_group=dba // dba用户组
oracle.install.db.osoper_group=oinstall // oper用户组
oracle.install.db.osbackupdba_group=backupdba //备份用户组
oracle.install.db.osdgdba_group=dgdba //
oracle.install.db.oskmdba_group=kmdba
oracle.install.db.osracdba_group=racdba
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executerootscript=false //自动执行 root 脚本设置为 true 或者 false 手动执行脚本
4.静默安装软件的同时打补丁
$oracle_home/runinstaller -ignoreprereq -waitforcompletion -silent -applyru /u01/soft/33859214/33803476/33806152 -responsefile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
使用如下命令静默安装软件,后期打补丁。
$oracle_home/runinstaller --help
$oracle_home/runinstaller -silent -responsefile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
5.创建 19c 默认监听
$ netca /silent /responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
6.装完软件打补丁
打补丁看这个就够了
准备数据存放目录,闪回存放目录
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
7.dbca 创建实例
7.1 non-cdb 非容器数据库实例
--本次不使用静默文件直接通过命令行的方式创建实例,非容器数据库(8g 内存)。
dbca -silent -createdatabase -templatename general_purpose.dbc -responsefile no_value \
-gdbname testogg -sid test \
-createascontainerdatabase false \
-syspassword oracle -systempassword oracle \
-datafiledestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' \
-recoveryareadestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' \
-redologfilesize 1024 \
-storagetype fs \
-characterset al32utf8 -nationalcharacterset al16utf16 \
-sampleschema true \
-totalmemory 8192 \
-databasetype multipurpose \
-emconfiguration none
7.2 cdb 容器数据库实例
dbca -silent -createdatabase -templatename general_purpose.dbc -gdbname ccide -responsefile no_value -characterset al32utf8 -syspassword oracle -systempassword oracle -createascontainerdatabase true -numberofpdbs 1 -pdbname intpdb1 -pdbadminpassword oracle -databasetype multipurpose -automaticmemorymanagement false -datafiledestination '/data/ccide/oradata/ccide' -totalmemory 20480 -redologfilesize 1024 -emconfiguration none -ignoreprereqs -storagetype fs -recoveryareadestination none
二、单机 asm 静默安装
一)linux x86-64 oracle 11g 单机 asm 安装
0.创建目录和用户
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1021 asmdba
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1022 asmoper
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1031 dba
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1032 oper
# /usr/sbin/useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -g asmadmin,asmdba grid
# /usr/sbin/useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -g dba,asmdba oracle
# mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
# chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
# chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
# chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
# chmod -r 775 /u01/
# chown -r grid:oinstall /u01
## https://docs.oracle.com/cd/e11882_01/install.112/e41961/prelinux.htm#cwlin205
1.修改 gi 响应文件
cp /soft/grid/response/grid_install.rsp /soft/grid/response/grid_install.rsp.bak
–-响应文件配置如下:
oracle.install.responsefileversion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle_hostname=rac
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory
selected_languages=en
oracle.install.option=ha_config
oracle_base=/u01/app/grid
oracle_home=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
oracle.install.asm.osdba=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.osoper=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.osasm=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanname=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanport=
oracle.install.crs.config.clustername=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configuregns=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnssubdomain=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsvipaddress=
oracle.install.crs.config.autoconfigureclusternodevip=
oracle.install.crs.config.clusternodes=
oracle.install.crs.config.networkinterfacelist=
oracle.install.crs.config.storageoption=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.diskdrivemapping=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.votingdisklocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.votingdiskredundancy=normal
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.ocrlocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.ocrredundancy=normal
oracle.install.crs.config.useipmi=false
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcusername=
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcpassword=
oracle.install.asm.sysasmpassword=oracle
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.name=datadg
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.redundancy=normal
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.ausize=1
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.disks=/dev/asm-diskb,/dev/asm-diskc
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.diskdiscoverystring=/dev/asm*
oracle.install.asm.monitorpassword=oracle
oracle.install.crs.upgrade.clusternodes=
oracle.install.asm.upgradeasm=false
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=skip_updates
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadupdatesloc=
autoupdates_myoraclesupport_username=
autoupdates_myoraclesupport_password=
proxy_host=
proxy_port=0
proxy_user=
proxy_pwd=
proxy_realm=
2.查看响应文件并安装 gi
cat /soft/grid/response/grid_install.rsp | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$
/soft/grid/runinstaller -silent -showprogress -ignoresysprereqs -ignoreprereq -responsefile /soft/grid/response/grid_install.rsp
3.执行 root 脚本
打开新的窗口用 root 用户执行下面两个脚本
/u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
4.配置 gi 更新节点信息
在 grid 用户下面执行
vi /home/grid/cfgrsp.properties
oracle.assistants.asm|s_asmpassword=oracle
oracle.assistants.asm|s_asmmonitorpassword=oracle
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configtoolallcommands response_file=/home/grid/cfgrsp.properties
crsctl status res
5.创建新的磁盘组
asmca -silent -configureasm -sysasmpassword oracle -asmsnmppassword oracle -diskgroupname arch -disklist /dev/asm-diske,/dev/asm-diskd -redundancy normal
6.创建监听
test-adg:/home/grid( asm1)$ netca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
7. 仅安装 db 软件
下面在 oracle 用户下执行
/u01/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp 文件配置如下
oracle.install.responsefileversion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly
oracle_hostname=test-adg
unix_group_name=oinstall
inventory_location=/u01/app/oracle/orainventory
selected_languages=en
oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee
oracle.install.db.eeoptionsselection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalcomponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle
.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.dba_group=dba
oracle.install.db.oper_group=oinstall
oracle.install.db.cluster_nodes=
oracle.install.db.israconeinstall=
oracle.install.db.raconeservicename=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globaldbname=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.sid=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterset=al32utf8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryoption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memorylimit=900
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installexampleschemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enablesecuritysettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.all=oracle
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.sys=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.system=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.sysman=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.dbsnmp=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=db_control
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridcontrolserviceurl=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedbackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedbackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedbackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storagetype=asm_storage
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.filesystemstorage.datalocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.filesystemstorage.recoverylocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskgroup=datadg
oracle.install.db.config.asm.asmsnmppassword=oracle
myoraclesupport_username=
myoraclesupport_password=
security_updates_via_myoraclesupport=false
decline_security_updates=true
proxy_host=
proxy_port=
proxy_user=
proxy_pwd=
proxy_realm=
collector_supporthub_url=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadupdatesloc=
autoupdates_myoraclesupport_username=
autoupdates_myoraclesupport_password=
8.查看响应文件并执行
cat /u01/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$
/u01/soft/database/runinstaller -silent -showprogress -ignoresysprereqs -ignoreprereq -responsefile /u01/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp
9.dbca 创建实例
dbca -silent
-createdatabase
-asmsnmppassword oracle
-characterset al32utf8
-continueonnonfatalerrors false
-disablesecurityconfiguration all
-diskgroupname datadg
-emconfiguration none
-gdbname jiekeadg
-listeners listener
-memorypercentage 50
-recoveryareadestination arch
-sid jiekeadg
-syspassword oracle
-systempassword oracle
-storagetype asm
-sampleschema true
-templatename general_purpose.dbc
二)linux x86-64 oracle 19c 单机 asm 安装
0.创建目录和用户
mkdir -p /u01/app/19.0.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /u01/app/orainventory
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54330 racdba
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -g dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54331 -g oinstall -g dba,asmdba,backupdba,asmoper,asmadmin,dgdba,kmdba,racdba grid
--设密码
passwd grid
passwd oracle
--如果组有问题,用如下命令修改
/usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall,dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper grid
$ id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),
54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54327(asmdba),54330(racdba)
$ id grid
uid=54331(grid) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),
54327(asmdba),54328(asmoper),54329(asmadmin),54330(racdba)
# chown -r oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
# chown -r grid:oinstall /u01/app/orainventory
# chown -r grid:oinstall /u01
# chmod -r 775 /u01/
## https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/cwlin/identifying-an-oracle-software-owner-user-account.html#guid-0a95f4b1-1045-455d-9897-a23012e4e27f
1.编辑 gi 响应文件
模板 /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/inventory/response/grid_install.rsp
cat /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/inventory/response/grid_install.rsp | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$ > /home/grid/grid_install.rsp
--vim grid_install.rsp
oracle.install.responsefileversion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory
oracle.install.option=ha_config
oracle_base=/u01/app/grid
oracle.install.asm.osdba=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.osoper=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.osasm=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.scantype=local_scan
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterconfiguration=standalone
oracle.install.crs.config.configureasextendedcluster=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configuregns=false
oracle.install.crs.config.autoconfigureclusternodevip=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsoption=create_new_gns
oracle.install.crs.configuregimr=false
oracle.install.asm.configuregimrdatadg=false
oracle.install.crs.config.useipmi=false
oracle.install.asm.sysasmpassword=password123!
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.name=data
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.redundancy=external
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.ausize=4
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.disks=/dev/asm-diskb,/dev/asm-diskc,/dev/asm-diskd
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.diskdiscoverystring=/dev/asm*
oracle.install.asm.monitorpassword=password123!
oracle.install.asm.configureafd=false
oracle.install.crs.configurerhps=false
oracle.install.crs.config.ignoredownnodes=false
oracle.install.config.managementoption=none
oracle.install.config.omsport=0
oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executerootscript=false
# - crs_config : to register home and configure grid infrastructure for cluster
# - ha_config : to register home and configure grid infrastructure for stand alone server
# - upgrade : to register home and upgrade clusterware software of earlier release
# - crs_swonly : to register grid infrastructure software home (can be configured for cluster
# or stand alone server later)
# - ha_swonly : to register grid infrastructure software home (can be configured for stand
# alone server later. this is only supported on windows.)
# configure afd - asm filter driver
# applicable only for flex_asm_storage option
# specify 'true' if you want to configure afd, else specify 'false'
2. 安装前 precheck
--检查结果如果有问题按提示调整
/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n jiekeadg -fixup -verbose
3.静默安装 gi
$oracle_home/gridsetup.sh -silent -responsefile /home/grid/grid_install.rsp
4.执行 root 脚本
/u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh
/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.sh
5.配置集群
执行完 root.sh 脚本后,执行 executeconfigtools 配置,更新节点信息。
--配置命令
/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/gridsetup.sh -executeconfigtools -responsefile /home/grid/grid_install.rsp -silent
6.创建 arch 磁盘组
su - grid
sqlplus / as sysasm
create diskgroup arch external redundancy disk '/dev/asmdisks/asm-arch01','/dev/asmdisks/asm-arch02' attribute 'compatible.rdbms'='19.0','compatible.asm'='19.0','au_size'='4m';
7.编辑响应文件
安装包:linux.x64_193000_db_home.zip
模板路径:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp
su - oracle
cd $oracle_home
unzip linux.x64_193000_db_home.zip -d $oracle_home
cat $oracle_home/install/response/db_install.rsp | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$ > /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
vi /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
需要修改以下内容
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly // 安装类型
unix_group_name=oinstall // 安装组
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory //inventory目录(不填就是默认值)
oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 //oracle_home
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee // oracle版本
oracle.install.db.dba_group=dba // dba用户组
oracle.install.db.osoper_group=oinstall // oper用户组
oracle.install.db.osbackupdba_group=backupdba //备份用户组
oracle.install.db.osdgdba_group=dgdba //
oracle.install.db.oskmdba_group=kmdba
oracle.install.db.osracdba_group=racdba
oracle.install.db.cluster_nodes=jiekeadg
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executerootscript=false //自动执行 root 脚本设置为 true 或者 false 手动执行脚本
8.仅安装 db 软件
使用上面响应文件安装仅软件,参考命令如下:
$oracle_home/runinstaller -silent -responsefile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
执行 root 脚本
1. /u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
9.dbca建库打补丁
模板 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp
如果是搭建 adg 备库,那么这一步不需要做,直接进行 adg 搭建操作,如果是安装单机主库可以参考前面单机建库步骤,打补丁也是参考前面单机步骤。
三、rac 静默安装
一)linux x86-64 oracle 11g rac 安装
1.互信配置
$ cd $oracle_home/oui/prov/resources/scripts
$ ./sshusersetup.sh -user grid -hosts "jieke1 jieke2" -advanced -confirm -nopromptpassphrase
$ ./sshusersetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "jieke1 jieke2" -advanced -confirm -nopromptpassphrase
分别使用 grid 和 oracle 用户验证 ssh connectivity:
$ for h in jieke1 jieke1-priv jieke2 jieke2-priv;do
ssh -l grid -o stricthostkeychecking=no $h date;
done
$ for h in jieke1 jieke1-priv jieke2 jieke2-priv;do
ssh -l oracle -o stricthostkeychecking=no $h date;
done
2.gi 集群件安装前检查
./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n host01,host02 -verbose -fixup
3.gi 集群件静默安装
安装 gi
./runinstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignoresysprereqs -ignoreprereq -showprogress \
inventory_location=/app/orainventory \
selected_languages=en \
oracle_base=/app/grid \
oracle_home=/app/product/11.2.0/grid \
oracle.install.asm.osdba=asmdba \
oracle.install.asm.osoper=asmoper \
oracle.install.asm.osasm=asmadmin \
oracle.install.crs.config.storageoption=asm_storage \
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.votingdiskredundancy=external \
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedfilesystemstorage.ocrredundancy=external \
oracle.install.crs.config.useipmi=false \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.name=ocr \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.redundancy=external \
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=skip_updates \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanport=1521 \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configuregns=false \
oracle.install.option=crs_config \
oracle.install.asm.sysasmpassword=oracle11g \
oracle.install.asm.monitorpassword=oracle11g \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.diskdiscoverystring=/dev/rhdisk* \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.disks=/dev/rhdisk5,/dev/rhdisk6,/dev/rhdisk7 \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanname=db-cluster-scan \
oracle.install.crs.config.clustername=db-cluster-scan \
oracle.install.crs.config.autoconfigureclusternodevip=false \
oracle.install.crs.config.clusternodes=idc_jieker1:idc_jieker1-vip,idc_jieker2:idc_jieker2-vip \
oracle.install.crs.config.networkinterfacelist=eth0:192.16.18.0:1,eth1:172.16.0.0:2 \
oracle_hostname=idc_jieker1
oracle_hostname 当前安装节点的计算机名称.
oracle.install.option=crs_config
#4 个选项提供,表示要做的操作
# - crs_config : to configure grid infrastructure for cluster
# - ha_config : to configure grid infrastructure for stand alone server
# - upgrade : to upgrade clusterware software of earlier release
# - crs_swonly : to install clusterware files only (can be configured for cluster
# or stand alone server later)
# scan 名称,和 /etc/hosts 对应
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanname=db-cluster-scan
# 集群监听端口号
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanport=1521
# cluster 名称,也可以和 scan 一样,也可以保持默认
oracle.install.crs.config.clustername=db-cluster-scan
#configuregns 为 false,表示不配置 gns
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configuregns=false
#autoconfigureclusternodevip 这个参数为配置 gns 后续参数之一,如果不开启gns,这里指定 false
oracle.install.crs.config.autoconfigureclusternodevip=false
# 节点信息,跟 /etc/hosts 对应
oracle.install.crs.config.clusternodes=idc_jieker1:idc_jieker1-vip,idc_jieker2:idc_jieker2-vip
# 网卡信息和网段,对应 ifconfig 结果(两个节点的网卡名称需要一致),1 代表public,2 代表 private,3 代表在群集中不使用该网卡
oracle.install.crs.config.networkinterfacelist=eth0:192.16.18.0:1,eth1:172.16.0.0:2
# 存储形式,使用 asm 的话保持默认即可(可以不修改),2 个值提供
# - asm_storage
# - file_system_storage
oracle.install.crs.config.storageoption=asm_storage
# 表决盘名称(可以不修改)默认为 ocr
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.name=ocr
# 表决盘冗余选项(接受以下 3 个选项)
# high 高冗余:最少 5 块磁盘,oracle asm 默认提供三重镜像。可以容忍在不同故障组中丢失两个 oracle asm 磁盘。
# normal 正常冗余:最少 3 块磁盘,oracle asm 默认提供双向镜像,这意味着镜像所有文件,以便每个范围有两个副本。容许丢失一个磁盘。
# external 外部冗余:最少 1 块盘,由外部 raid 提供冗余。
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.redundancy=normal
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.ausize=1
# 表决盘所使用的裸盘,根据需要修改
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.disks=/dev/rhdisk5,/dev/rhdisk6,/dev/rhdisk7
4.创建 asm 磁盘组
asmca -silent -configureasm -sysasmpassword oracle -asmsnmppassword oracle -diskgroupname arch -disklist /dev/asm-diske,/dev/asm-diskd -redundancy normal
su - grid
sqlplus / as sysasm
connected.
sql> create diskgroup data external redundancy disk '/dev/asm-diske';
diskgroup created.
select name from v$parameter where isdefault='false' union select name from v$system_parameter where ismodified='modified';
----19c 创建 asm 磁盘组
create diskgroup data external redundancy disk '/dev/asm_data01' size 10240m disk '/dev/asm_data02' size 10240m attribute 'compatible.asm'='19.0.0.0.0','compatible.advm'='19.0.0.0','au_size'='4m';
5.仅安装 db 软件
安装如果出现 ins-35354 则在/app/orainventory/contentsxml/inventory.xml 文件里
./runinstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignoresysprereqs -ignoreprereq -showprogress \
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly \
decline_security_updates=true \
unix_group_name=oinstall \
inventory_location=/app/orainventory \
selected_languages=en \
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee \
oracle.install.db.iscustominstall=false \
oracle.install.db.eeoptionsselection=false \
oracle.install.db.dba_group=dba \
oracle.install.db.oper_group=asmoper \
oracle.install.db.israconeinstall=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=general_purpose \
security_updates_via_myoraclesupport=false \
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=skip_updates \
oracle_home=/app/product/11.2.0/db \
oracle_base=/app/oracle \
oracle_hostname=idc_jieker1 \
oracle.install.db.cluster_nodes=idc_jieker1,idc_jieker2 \
oracle.install.db.israconeinstall=false
#安装选项,3个值可选
# - install_db_swonly #只安装rdbms
# - install_db_and_config #安装rdbms和instance
# - upgrade_db #升级安装
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly
#指定当前安装节点的主机名
oracle_hostname=idc_jieker1
#指定日志路径
inventory_location=/app/oracle/orainventory
#指定语言,en: english,zh_cn: simplified chinese。多个语言用逗号分隔
selected_languages=en
#指定安装的版本,4个值可选
# - ee : enterprise edition
# - se : standard edition
# - seone : standard edition one
# - pe : personal edition (windows only)
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee
oracle.install.db.eeoptionsselection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalcomponents=
#指定组权限
oracle.install.db.dba_group=dba
oracle.install.db.oper_group=oper
#指定节点名称,一般使用主机名
oracle.install.db.cluster_nodes=idc_jieker1,idc_jieker2
#是否安装 rac 一个节点
# - true : value of rac one node service name is used.
# - false : value of rac one node service name is not used.
oracle.install.db.israconeinstall=false
6.dbca 静默建库
dbca -silent \
-createdatabase \
-responsefile no_value \
-templatename general_purpose.dbc \
-sid piccyx \
-gdbname jieke \
-nodelist jieker1,jieker2 \
-characterset al32utf8 \
-syspassword oracle11g \
-systempassword oracle11g \
-databasetype multipurpose \
-automaticmemorymanagement false \
-totalmemory 102400 \
-storagetype asm \
-datafiledestination data \
-recoveryareadestination arch \
-redologfilesize 1024 \
-emconfiguration none \
-sampleschema false
补丁安装
aix 操作系统下 11g rac 执行补丁190716 简要步骤
https://www.modb.pro/doc/4638
7.静默删除
移除 oracle home
如果是正常删除节点,需要在被删除节点上执行以下操作,如果是损坏则不需要
su - oracle
cd $oracle_home/oui/bin
./runinstaller -updatenodelist oracle_home=$oracle_home "cluster_nodes={db01(代表要删除的节点)}" -local
静默删库
dbca -silent -deletedatabase -sourcedb prod
db 软件静默卸载
$oracle_home/deinstall/deinstall -local
gi 静默卸载
$oracle_home/deinstall/deinstall -local
deinstall卸载oracle软件及数据库 gi集群软件
二)linux x86-64 oracle 19c rac 安装
19c rac 安装之前已经写过两篇文章了,从零到一超级详细,感兴趣的可以。下面简单提提重要的部分:
1.响应文件位置
gi 响应文件
/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/install/response
${oracle_home}/install/response/gridsetup.rsp
db 响应文件位置 $oracle_home/install/response/db_install.rsp
参数说明:
oracle.install.crs.config.clusternodes=网卡名:公网ip地址段:1,私网网卡名:私网ip地址段:5
这里的 1 代表 public,5 代表 asm & private
#############################################################################
oracle.install.crs.config.clusternodes=
#############################################################################
the value should be a comma separated strings where each string is as shown below
interfacename:subnetaddress:interfacetype
where interfacetype can be either "1", "2", "3", "4", or "5"
interfacetype stand for the following values
1 : public
2 : private
3 : do not use
4 : asm
5 : asm & private
#
for example: eth0:140.87.24.0:1,eth1:10.2.1.0:2,eth2:140.87.52.0:3
#############################################################################
12.2:post upgrade steps for grid infrastructure reports ins-32601 error (doc id 2380863.1)
2.gi 静默安装
$oracle_home/gridsetup.sh -silent -applyru /home/soft/32900083/32895426 -force -noconfig -ignoreprereq -waitforcompletion \
-responsefile ${oracle_home}/install/response/gridsetup.rsp \
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory \
oracle_base=/u01/app/grid \
oracle_home=/u01/app/19.0.0/grid \
oracle.install.asm.osdba=asmdba \
oracle.install.asm.osoper=asmoper \
oracle.install.asm.osasm=asmadmin \
oracle.install.crs.config.storageoption=asm \
oracle.install.crs.config.useipmi=false \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.name=ocr \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.ausize=4 \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.redundancy=normal \
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterconfiguration=standalone \
oracle.install.crs.config.configureasextendedcluster=false \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanport=1521 \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configuregns=false \
oracle.install.option=crs_config \
oracle.install.asm.sysasmpassword=oracle19c \
oracle.install.asm.monitorpassword=oracle19c \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.diskdiscoverystring=/dev/asm_* \
oracle.install.asm.diskgroup.disks=/dev/asm_ocr01,/dev/asm_ocr02,/dev/asm_ocr03 \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanname=jiekexu-racscan \
oracle.install.crs.config.clustername=jiekexu-racscan \
oracle.install.crs.config.autoconfigureclusternodevip=false \
oracle.install.crs.config.clusternodes=jiekexu-r1:jiekexu-r1-vip,jiekexu-r2:jiekexu-r2-vip \
oracle.install.crs.config.networkinterfacelist=ens32:192.168.75.0:1,ens33:10.10.10.0:5 \
oracle.install.asm.configuregimrdatadg=false \
oracle.install.crs.configurerhps=false \
oracle.install.crs.config.ignoredownnodes=false \
oracle.install.config.managementoption=none \
oracle.install.config.omsport=0 \
oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executerootscript=false
3.两节点分别执行 root 脚本
--root 脚本执行
/u01/app/orainventory/orainstroot.sh
/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.sh
4.创建 asm 磁盘组
asmca -silent -creatediskgroup -sysasmpassword oracle_19c -asmsnmppassword oracle_19c -oui_internal -diskstring '/dev/asm_*' -diskgroupname arch -disklist /dev/asm_arch01 -redundancy external -au_size 4 -compatible.asm 19.0.0.0.0
--或者直接在 asm 实例执行
su - grid
sqlplus / as sysasm
create diskgroup data external redundancy disk '/dev/asm_data01' size 102400m disk '/dev/asm_data01' size 102400m attribute 'compatible.asm'='19.0.0.0.0','compatible.advm'='19.0.0.0','au_size'='4m';
5.db 软件安装
$oracle_home/runinstaller -ignoreprereq -waitforcompletion -silent -applyru /home/soft/32900083/32895426 \
-responsefile $oracle_home/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=install_db_swonly \
oracle_hostname=/u01/app/orainventory \
unix_group_name=oinstall \
inventory_location=/u01/app/orainventory \
oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 \
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle \
oracle.install.db.installedition=ee \
oracle.install.db.osdba_group=dba \
oracle.install.db.osoper_group=oper \
oracle.install.db.osbackupdba_group=backupdba \
oracle.install.db.osdgdba_group=dgdba \
oracle.install.db.oskmdba_group=kmdba \
oracle.install.db.osracdba_group=racdba \
oracle.install.db.cluster_nodes=jiekexu-r1,jiekexu-r2
6.静默创建实例
字符集为 32utf8
dbca 建库
非容器数据库创建方法
dbca -silent -createdatabase \
-templatename general_purpose.dbc \
-gdbname jiekexu -responsefile no_value \
-characterset al32utf8 \
-syspassword oracle19c \
-systempassword oracle19c \
-createascontainerdatabase false \
-databasetype multipurpose \
-automaticmemorymanagement false \
-totalmemory 8192 \
-redologfilesize 1024 \
-emconfiguration none \
-ignoreprereqs \
-nodelist jiekexu-r1,jiekexu-r2 \
-storagetype asm \
-diskgroupname data \
-asmsnmppassword oracle19c \
-recoveryareadestination none
pdb容器数据库创建方法
dbca -silent -createdatabase \
-templatename general_purpose.dbc \
-gdbname jiekexu -responsefile no_value \
-characterset al32utf8 \
-syspassword oracle_19c \
-systempassword oracle_19c \
-createascontainerdatabase true \
-numberofpdbs 1 \
-pdbname jiekexupdb1 \
-pdbadminpassword oracle_19c \
-databasetype multipurpose \
-automaticmemorymanagement false \
-totalmemory 1500 \
-redologfilesize 1024 \
-emconfiguration none \
-ignoreprereqs \
-nodelist jiekexu-r1,jiekexu-r2 \
-storagetype asm \
-diskgroupname data \
-asmsnmppassword oracle_19c \
-recoveryareadestination none
四、oracle 23c free 开发版安装指南
linux rpm:https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/free-downloads.html
在线文档:https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/23/index.html
服务器规格: 8c16g 要求 2c4g
1.基础信息配置
主机名: jiekexu
主机 ip: 192.168.75.15
os 版本:oracle linux 8.7
--修改主机名和配置hosts
[root@jiekexu etc]# cat /etc/oracle-release
oracle linux server release 8.7
[root@jiekexu etc]# cat /etc/os-release
name="oracle linux server"
version="8.7"
设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname jiekexu # 设置
hostname # 查看
关闭防火墙与 selinux
防火墙和selinux按照需求关闭,检查时区
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止 firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止 firewall开机启动
systemctl status firewalld.service #检查
时区检查
东八区"asia/shanghai"
timedatectl status # time zone: asia/shanghai (cst, 0800)
sed -i "s/selinux=enforcing/selinux=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0 # 输入 getenforce 返回 permissive 则是临时关闭状态,# 重启后是 disabled ,完全关闭状态。
getenforce
sestatus
sed -i.bak '/selinux/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
echo "selinux=disabled" > /etc/selinux/config
echo "#selinuxtype=targeted " >> /etc/selinux/config
getenforce
setenforce 0
2.安装数据库
2.1执行预安装
[root@jiekexu etc]# cd /soft
[root@jiekexu soft]# ll
total 1717588
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1758776440 apr 20 15:37 oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30688 apr 20 15:24 oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm
2.2使用 rpm 安装时需要依赖包
[root@jiekexu soft]# rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm: header v3 rsa/sha256 signature, key id ad986da3: nokey
error: failed dependencies:
compat-openssl10 is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
glibc-devel is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
ksh is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
libnsl is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
make is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
sysstat is needed by oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
那就配置一个本地 yum 源在安装吧,这里简单演示如下。
2.3 oracle linux 8 上传 iso 文件配置 yum 源
上传 oraclelinux-r8-u7-x86_64-dvd.iso 到 /root 然后创建挂载目录 /iso 进行挂载。
# mkdir /iso
# mount /root/oraclelinux-r8-u7-x86_64-dvd.iso /iso
2.4 配置 yum 源
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# mv oracle-linux-ol8.repo oracle-linux-ol8.repo_bak
# mv uek-ol8.repo uek-ol8.repo_bak
# vi oracle-linux-ol8.repo
[ol8_app]
name=oracle linux 8
baseurl=file:///iso/baseos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[ol8_appstream]
name=oracle linux 8 appstream
baseurl=file:///iso/appstream
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@jiekexu yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep zsh
zsh.x86_64 5.5.1-10.el8 ol8_app
zsh-html.noarch 5.5.1-10.el8 ol8_appstream
[root@jiekexu soft]# dnf -y install oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@jiekexu soft]# dnf -y install oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm
last metadata expiration check: 0:08:55 ago on tue 16 may 2023 11:18:13 am cst.
dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
package architecture version repository size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
installing:
oracle-database-preinstall-23c x86_64 1.0-0.5.el8 @commandline 30 k
installing dependencies:
compat-openssl10 x86_64 1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6 ol8_appstream 1.1 m
glibc-devel x86_64 2.28-211.0.1.el8 ol8_app 83 k
ksh x86_64 20120801-257.0.1.el8 ol8_appstream 929 k
libnsl x86_64 2.28-211.0.1.el8 ol8_app 105 k
libxcrypt-devel x86_64 4.1.1-6.el8 ol8_app 25 k
lm_sensors-libs x86_64 3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8 ol8_app 59 k
make x86_64 1:4.2.1-11.el8 ol8_app 498 k
sysstat x86_64 11.7.3-7.0.1.el8 ol8_appstream 426 k
transaction summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
install 9 packages
total size: 3.2 m
installed size: 9.4 m
downloading packages:
running transaction check
transaction check succeeded.
running transaction test
transaction test succeeded.
running transaction
preparing : 1/1
installing : libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64 1/9
installing : glibc-devel-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64 2/9
running scriptlet: glibc-devel-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64 2/9
installing : make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 3/9
running scriptlet: make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 3/9
installing : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 4/9
running scriptlet: compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 4/9
installing : ksh-20120801-257.0.1.el8.x86_64 5/9
running scriptlet: ksh-20120801-257.0.1.el8.x86_64 5/9
installing : lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 6/9
running scriptlet: lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 6/9
installing : sysstat-11.7.3-7.0.1.el8.x86_64 7/9
running scriptlet: sysstat-11.7.3-7.0.1.el8.x86_64 7/9
installing : libnsl-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64 8/9
installing : oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 9/9
running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 9/9
verifying : glibc-devel-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64 1/9
verifying : libnsl-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64 2/9
verifying : libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64 3/9
verifying : lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 4/9
verifying : make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 5/9
verifying : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 6/9
verifying : ksh-20120801-257.0.1.el8.x86_64 7/9
verifying : sysstat-11.7.3-7.0.1.el8.x86_64 8/9
verifying : oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 9/9
installed:
compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8_6.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64 ksh-20120801-257.0.1.el8.x86_64 libnsl-2.28-211.0.1.el8.x86_64
libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64 lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-23.20180522git70f7e08.el8.x86_64 make-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64 oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64
sysstat-11.7.3-7.0.1.el8.x86_64
complete!
执行完 preinstall rpm包,相关 rpm 已经安装上了,并且也创建好了 oracle 用户和相关组,关闭了透明大页和 numa,并且修改了所需要的内核参数。
[root@jiekexu soft]# cat /etc/passwd | grep oracle
oracle:x:54321:54321::/home/oracle:/bin/bash
[root@jiekexu soft]# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54330(racdba)
3.安装 oracle 23c free 版
使用安装命令:
dnf -y install oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
last metadata expiration check: 1:53:13 ago on tue 16 may 2023 12:32:40 pm cst.
dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
package architecture version repository size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
installing:
oracle-database-free-23c x86_64 1.0-1 @commandline 1.6 g
transaction summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
install 1 package
total size: 1.6 g
installed size: 5.2 g
downloading packages:
running transaction check
transaction check succeeded.
running transaction test
transaction test succeeded.
running transaction
preparing : 1/1
running scriptlet: oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
installing : oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
running scriptlet: oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
[info] executing post installation scripts...
[info] oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
to configure oracle database free, optionally modify the parameters in '/etc/sysconfig/oracle-free-23c.conf' and then run '/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure' as root.
verifying : oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64 1/1
installed:
oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64
complete!
4.创建和配置 oracle 数据库服务实例
‘/etc/sysconfig/oracle-free-23c.conf’ 和 '/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c’ 是配置实例的文件,假如想修改实例名、oracle_home家目录、dbfile_dest 等可以自行修改,可参考我以前 19c rpm 安装的过程 https://www.modb.pro/db/26584。
本次为了方便直接运行脚本:
/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure
[root@jiekexu soft]# /etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure
specify a password to be used for database accounts. oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. note that the same password will be used for sys, system and pdbadmin accounts:
confirm the password:
configuring oracle listener.
listener configuration succeeded.
configuring oracle database free.
enter sys user password:
************
enter system user password:
********
enter pdbadmin user password:
***********
prepare for db operation
7% complete
copying database files
29% complete
creating and starting oracle instance
30% complete
33% complete
36% complete
39% complete
43% complete
completing database creation
47% complete
49% complete
50% complete
creating pluggable databases
54% complete
71% complete
executing post configuration actions
93% complete
running custom scripts
100% complete
database creation complete. for details check the logfiles at:
/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/free.
database information:
global database name:free
system identifier(sid):free
look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/free/free.log" for further details.
connect to oracle database using one of the connect strings:
pluggable database: jiekexu/freepdb1
multitenant container database: jiekexu
5.配置环境变量登录数据库
su - oracle
vi .bash_profile
export oracle_home=/opt/oracle/product/23c/dbhomefree
export oracle_sid=free
export pdb_name=freepdb1
export nls_lang=american_america.al32utf8
export nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
export ld_library_path=${oracle_home}/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export path=${oracle_home}/bin:${oracle_home}/opatch:$ogg_home:${path}
export host=`hostname | cut -f1 -d"."`
export ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib:$oracle_home/lib32:$ogg_home:/lib/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
#export ps1='${host}:$pwd(${oracle_sid})$ '
# general exports and vars
export path=$oracle_home/bin:$path
lsnr=$oracle_home/bin/lsnrctl
sqlplus=$oracle_home/bin/sqlplus
alias sys='sqlplus / as sysdba'
stty erase ^h
--source .bash_profile
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公众号:jiekexu dba之路
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